Category: CISA Alerts

 ​CISA released three Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on May 6, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

ICSA-25-126-01 Optigo Networks ONS NC600
ICSA-25-126-02 Milesight UG65-868M-EA
ICSA-25-126-03 BrightSign Players

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations. 

CISA released three Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on May 6, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

• ICSA-25-126-01 Optigo Networks ONS NC600
• ICSA-25-126-02 Milesight UG65-868M-EA
• ICSA-25-126-03 BrightSign Players

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

 Read More

 ​CISA has added one new vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

CVE-2025-3248 Langflow Missing Authentication Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.
Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.
Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria. 

CISA has added one new vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2025-3248 Langflow Missing Authentication Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

 Read More

 ​CISA has added two new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

CVE-2025-34028 Commvault Command Center Path Traversal Vulnerability
CVE-2024-58136 Yiiframework Yii Improper Protection of Alternate Path Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.
Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.
Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria. 

CISA has added two new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2025-34028 Commvault Command Center Path Traversal Vulnerability
• CVE-2024-58136 Yiiframework Yii Improper Protection of Alternate Path Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

 Read More

 ​CISA has added two new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

CVE-2024-38475 Apache HTTP Server Improper Escaping of Output Vulnerability
CVE-2023-44221 SonicWall SMA100 Appliances OS Command Injection Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.
Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.
Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria. 

CISA has added two new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2024-38475 Apache HTTP Server Improper Escaping of Output Vulnerability
• CVE-2023-44221 SonicWall SMA100 Appliances OS Command Injection Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

 Read More

 ​View CSAF
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v4 8.6
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
Vendor: MicroDicom
Equipment: DICOM Viewer
Vulnerabilities: Out-of-Bounds Write, Out-of-Bounds Read

2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to disclose information, cause memory corruption, and execute arbitrary code.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following MicroDicom products are affected:

DICOM Viewer: Versions 2025.1 (Build 3321) and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787
MicroDicom DICOM Viewer is vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write which may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code. The user must open a malicious DCM file for exploitation.
CVE-2025-35975 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-35975. A base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.2.2 OUT-OF-BOUNDS READ CWE-125
MicroDicom DICOM Viewer is vulnerable to an out-of-bounds read which may allow an attacker to cause memory corruption within the application. The user must open a malicious DCM file for exploitation.
CVE-2025-36521 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-36521. A base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Healthcare and Public Health
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Bulgaria

3.4 RESEARCHER
Michael Heinzl reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.
4. MITIGATIONS
MicroDicom recommends user update DICOM Viewer to version 2025.2 or later.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.
5. UPDATE HISTORY

May 1, 2025: Initial Publication 

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.6
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: MicroDicom
• Equipment: DICOM Viewer
• Vulnerabilities: Out-of-Bounds Write, Out-of-Bounds Read

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to disclose information, cause memory corruption, and execute arbitrary code.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following MicroDicom products are affected:

• DICOM Viewer: Versions 2025.1 (Build 3321) and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

MicroDicom DICOM Viewer is vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write which may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code. The user must open a malicious DCM file for exploitation.

CVE-2025-35975 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-35975. A base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 OUT-OF-BOUNDS READ CWE-125

MicroDicom DICOM Viewer is vulnerable to an out-of-bounds read which may allow an attacker to cause memory corruption within the application. The user must open a malicious DCM file for exploitation.

CVE-2025-36521 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-36521. A base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Healthcare and Public Health
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Bulgaria

3.4 RESEARCHER

Michael Heinzl reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

MicroDicom recommends user update DICOM Viewer to version 2025.2 or later.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• May 1, 2025: Initial Publication

 Read More

 ​View CSAF
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v4 9.3
ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
Vendor: KUNBUS
Equipment: Revolution Pi
Vulnerabilities: Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness, Improper Neutralization of Server-Side Includes (SSI) Within a Web Page

2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow attackers to bypass authentication, gain unauthorized access to critical functions, and execute malicious server-side includes (SSI) within a web page.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following versions of KUNBUS Revolution Pi are affected:
Revolution Pi OS Bookworm: Versions 01/2025 and earlierRevolution Pi PiCtory: Versions 2.5.0 through 2.11.1Revolution Pi PiCtory: Versions 2.11.1 and earlier
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 Missing Authentication for Critical Function CWE-306
KUNBUS Revolution Pi OS Bookworm 01/2025 is vulnerable because authentication is not configured by default for the Node-RED server. This can give an unauthenticated remote attacker full access to the Node-RED server where they can run arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system.
CVE-2025-24522 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-24522. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.2.2 Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness CWE-305
KUNBUS PiCtory versions 2.5.0 through 2.11.1 have an authentication bypass vulnerability where a remote attacker can bypass authentication to get access due to a path traversal.
CVE-2025-32011 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-32011. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.2.3 Improper Neutralization of Server-Side Includes (SSI) Within a Web Page CWE-97
KUNBUS PiCtory version 2.11.1 and earlier are vulnerable when an authenticated remote attacker crafts a special filename that can be stored by API endpoints. That filename is later transmitted to the client in order to show a list of configuration files. Due to a missing escape or sanitization, the filename could be executed as HTML script tag resulting in a cross-site-scripting attack.
CVE-2025-35996 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-35996. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.2.4 Improper Neutralization of Server-Side Includes (SSI) Within a Web Page CWE-97
KUNBUS PiCtory version 2.11.1 and earlier are vulnerable to a cross-site-scripting attack via the sso_token used for authentication. If an attacker provides the user with a PiCtory URL containing an HTML script as an sso_token, that script will reply to the user and be executed.
CVE-2025-36558 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-36558. A base score of 5.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Transportation Systems, Water and Wastewater Systems
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER
Adam Bromiley of Pen Test Partners reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.
4. MITIGATIONS
KUNBUS has identified the following specific mitigations that users can apply to reduce risk:

Update PiCtory package to version 2.12

The preferred method for updating to version 2.12 is accomplished through KUNBUS’s management UI Cockpit. However, users can also download the update package here.
By end of April 2025, KUNBUS plans to release a new Cockpit plugin that helps the user to make configurations which are available in a graphical interface. In the meantime, it is recommended that users activate authentication. Please refer to this guide for help with activating authentication.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.
5. UPDATE HISTORY

May 1, 2025: Initial Publication 

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.3
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: KUNBUS
• Equipment: Revolution Pi
• Vulnerabilities: Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness, Improper Neutralization of Server-Side Includes (SSI) Within a Web Page

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow attackers to bypass authentication, gain unauthorized access to critical functions, and execute malicious server-side includes (SSI) within a web page.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of KUNBUS Revolution Pi are affected:

Revolution Pi OS Bookworm: Versions 01/2025 and earlier
Revolution Pi PiCtory: Versions 2.5.0 through 2.11.1
Revolution Pi PiCtory: Versions 2.11.1 and earlier

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 Missing Authentication for Critical Function CWE-306

KUNBUS Revolution Pi OS Bookworm 01/2025 is vulnerable because authentication is not configured by default for the Node-RED server. This can give an unauthenticated remote attacker full access to the Node-RED server where they can run arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system.

CVE-2025-24522 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-24522. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness CWE-305

KUNBUS PiCtory versions 2.5.0 through 2.11.1 have an authentication bypass vulnerability where a remote attacker can bypass authentication to get access due to a path traversal.

CVE-2025-32011 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-32011. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 Improper Neutralization of Server-Side Includes (SSI) Within a Web Page CWE-97

KUNBUS PiCtory version 2.11.1 and earlier are vulnerable when an authenticated remote attacker crafts a special filename that can be stored by API endpoints. That filename is later transmitted to the client in order to show a list of configuration files. Due to a missing escape or sanitization, the filename could be executed as HTML script tag resulting in a cross-site-scripting attack.

CVE-2025-35996 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-35996. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 Improper Neutralization of Server-Side Includes (SSI) Within a Web Page CWE-97

KUNBUS PiCtory version 2.11.1 and earlier are vulnerable to a cross-site-scripting attack via the sso_token used for authentication. If an attacker provides the user with a PiCtory URL containing an HTML script as an sso_token, that script will reply to the user and be executed.

CVE-2025-36558 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-36558. A base score of 5.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Transportation Systems, Water and Wastewater Systems
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Adam Bromiley of Pen Test Partners reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

KUNBUS has identified the following specific mitigations that users can apply to reduce risk:

• Update PiCtory package to version 2.12

The preferred method for updating to version 2.12 is accomplished through KUNBUS’s management UI Cockpit. However, users can also download the update package here.

By end of April 2025, KUNBUS plans to release a new Cockpit plugin that helps the user to make configurations which are available in a graphical interface. In the meantime, it is recommended that users activate authentication. Please refer to this guide for help with activating authentication.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• May 1, 2025: Initial Publication

 Read More

 ​CISA released two Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on May 1, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

ICSA-25-121-01 KUNBUS GmbH Revolution Pi 
ICSMA-25-121-01 MicroDicom DICOM Viewer

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations. 

CISA released two Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on May 1, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

• ICSA-25-121-01 KUNBUS GmbH Revolution Pi
   
• ICSMA-25-121-01 MicroDicom DICOM Viewer

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

 Read More

 ​CISA has added one new vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

CVE-2025-31324 SAP NetWeaver Unrestricted File Upload Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.
Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.
Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria. 

CISA has added one new vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2025-31324 SAP NetWeaver Unrestricted File Upload Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

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 ​View CSAF
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CVSS v4 8.4
ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
Vendor: Delta Electronics
Equipment: ISPSoft
Vulnerabilities: Stack-based Buffer Overflow, Out-of-bounds Write

2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could result in an attacker executing arbitrary code.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following versions of ISPSoft are affected:

ISPSoft: Versions 3.19 and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 STACK-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-121
Delta Electronics ISPSoft Versions 3.19 and prior are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that could allow an attacker to leverage debugging logic to execute arbitrary code when parsing CBDGL files.
CVE-2025-22882 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-22882. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.2.2 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787
Delta Electronics ISPSoft Versions 3.19 and prior are vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code when parsing DVP files.
CVE-2025-22883 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-22883. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.2.3 STACK-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-121
Delta Electronics ISPSoft Versions 3.19 and prior are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code when parsing DVP files.
CVE-2025-22884 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-22884. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.3 BACKGROUND

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Taiwan

3.4 RESEARCHER
Zero Day Initiative reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.
4. MITIGATIONS
Delta Electronics recommends users to update to ISPSoft v 3.21 or later.
For more information, see Delta Electronics’ advisory.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the Internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely.
5. UPDATE HISTORY

April 29, 2025: Initial Publication 

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.4
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: Delta Electronics
• Equipment: ISPSoft
• Vulnerabilities: Stack-based Buffer Overflow, Out-of-bounds Write

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could result in an attacker executing arbitrary code.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of ISPSoft are affected:

• ISPSoft: Versions 3.19 and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 STACK-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-121

Delta Electronics ISPSoft Versions 3.19 and prior are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that could allow an attacker to leverage debugging logic to execute arbitrary code when parsing CBDGL files.

CVE-2025-22882 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-22882. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

Delta Electronics ISPSoft Versions 3.19 and prior are vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code when parsing DVP files.

CVE-2025-22883 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-22883. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 STACK-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-121

Delta Electronics ISPSoft Versions 3.19 and prior are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code when parsing DVP files.

CVE-2025-22884 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-22884. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Taiwan

3.4 RESEARCHER

Zero Day Initiative reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Delta Electronics recommends users to update to ISPSoft v 3.21 or later.

For more information, see Delta Electronics’ advisory.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the Internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 29, 2025: Initial Publication

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 ​CISA released three Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on April 29, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

ICSA-25-119-01 Rockwell Automation ThinManager
ICSA-25-119-02 Delta Electronics ISPSoft 
ICSA-25-105-05 Lantronix XPort (Update A)

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations. 

CISA released three Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on April 29, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

• ICSA-25-119-01 Rockwell Automation ThinManager
• ICSA-25-119-02 Delta Electronics ISPSoft
   
• ICSA-25-105-05 Lantronix XPort (Update A)

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

 Read More